Raven Defies Natural Selection

National Geographic presents an experiment in which a raven is put on a branch while its food is hung from a string. Researchers wanted to see if the raven could think through the process and pull the string up to itself to obtain the food.

It did.

The problem is that:

1) The behavior was not learned as the researchers did not teach the raven the skill
2) Natural Selection does not provide the answer as the scenario would not have occurred in the wild
3) Chance could not provide the answer because there were too many individual steps

Thus, the ability to actively think through solving this problem must be an innate quality. But for a bird without a cerebral cortex - instrumental in creative thought - to perform such a function is nothing short of magical.

Aesop's Fable - A Reality

Aesop tells the story of a thirsty crow who comes upon a pitcher with water that is beyond its reach. The crow uses pebbles to raise the water level and gets his drink. It was just a fable ... until last year.

Current Biology reports that 4 captive rooks (similar to a crow) were forced to decide how to raise the water level so that a floating worm was reachable. All 4 rooks solved the problem with precisely the number of stones needed. 3 rapidly learned to use large stones over small ones and understood that sawdust cannot be manipulated in the same manner as water.

The discovery is mind-blowing. It furthers the notion that tool usage is a flexible ability in animals, and holds implications for the evolution of tool use and animal cognition. It also demonstrates certain animals' ability to solve complex physical problems via causal and analogical reasoning. For the rook to do this without a cerebral cortex - instrumental for creative thought - leaves one in awe.

See video #1 & #2 of the study